Entering Caesarea - a city with a long and complex history - Herod the Great founded the harbor city of Caesarea in about 30 BC and built extensively.  A small village had resided on the land before this time.  In about 6 AD Caesarea became the capital of the Roman province of Judea.  Herod the Great named Caesarea after Caesar Augustus.  The city was walled and fortified on three sides, the side toward the Mediterranean Sea left open.